论定标权的归属

Laochan

<p style="LINE-HEIGHT: 200%"><strong><span style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 幼圆; mso-bidi-font-size: 18&#46;0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">《中国招标》周刊<span lang="EN-US">2008年第三期刊登了Laochan的《论定标权的归属》。在鼠年新春到来之际，老朽谨以此文献给中国招标的主体－招标代理机构的衣食父母－中国招标人！</span></span></strong><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 16pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;0pt"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="center"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 26pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 24&#46;0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 华文中宋; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="center"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 26pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 24&#46;0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 华文中宋; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">论定标权的归属</span></b><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span lang="EN-US" style="COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;5pt; mso-hansi-font-family: 华文中宋; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font size="3"> </font></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: center; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="center"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 14pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 华文中宋; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">安徽省国际招标有限责任公司<span lang="EN-US"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span>钱忠宝</span></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">摘要和目录：</span><b><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">由谁来确定中标人，即：定标权归谁？是中国招标最重要的一个问题。目前的现状是：有关招投标行政法规规定，由评标委员会定标或者是“随机抽取”中标人。这两种规定合法吗？合理吗？我们不难发现，这两种规定既不合法也不合理。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></b></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">一、《招标投标法》赋予招标人定标权 </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">二、招投标行政法规剥夺了招标人的定标权<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">三、“随机抽取”中标人同样剥夺了招标人的定标权<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">四、招标人在招标中的主体地位是享有定标权<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">五、 “使用国有资金投资或者国家融资”的招标项目，也不能剥夺招标人的定标权<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">六、剥夺招标人的定标权，是“有罪推定”思维所致<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><strong><span style="FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">七、评标委员会的性质和职责<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></strong></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">八、剥夺招标人的定标权无疑是在扼杀中国招标<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">九、科学、合理、合法地让定标权“三足鼎立”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">十、将定标权归还给招标人，中国招标才能健康发展<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">由谁来确定中标人，即：定标权归谁？是中国招标最重要的一个问题。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">目前的现状是：有关招投标行政法规规定，由评标委员会定标或者是“随机抽取”中标人。这两种规定合法吗？合理吗？我们不难发现，这两种规定既不合法也不合理。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">一、《招标投标法》赋予招标人定标权<span lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">《中华人民共和国招标投标法》（以下简称《招标投标法》）第四十条明确规定：</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“招标人根据评标委员会提出的书面评标报告和推荐的中标候选人确定中标人。招标人<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">也</span>可以授权评标委员会直接确定中标人。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">” </span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">《招标投标法》的上述规定清清楚楚地表明，由招标人确定中标人，即，定标权归招标人。而且，这个规定是没有附加条件的，即，不管企业的性质或资金性质，都应该执行这个规定。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">请注意，上述规定中</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“招标人<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold">也</span>可以授权评标委员会直接确定中标人。” </span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">其中的</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“也可以”</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">三个字充分表明： </span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">1．招标人通常是不授权评标委员会直接确定中标人的，而是由招标人自己确定中标人的。 </span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">2．如果由评标委员会直接确定中标人，必须有招标人的授权。没有招标人的授权，评标委员会无权直接确定中标人。 </span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">3．招标人也可以授权评标委员会直接确定中标人； </span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">4．招标人是否委托评标委员会直接确定中标人，是招标人的权利，应该由招标人自主决定。任何部门都无权强迫招标人委托评标委员会直接确定中标人，更无权在招标人没有授权的情况下，强制由评标委员会直接确定中标人或由评标委员会变相直接确定中标人。 </span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">二、招投标行政法规剥夺了招标人的定标权<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥">由国家计委、国家经贸委、建设部、铁道部、交通部、信息产业部、水利部联合制定了《评标委员会和评标方法暂行规定》（七部委</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">2001</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">12</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥">号令）中规定：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span>“第四十五条评标委员会推荐的中标候选人应当限定在一至三人，并标明排列顺序。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">第四十八条 使用国有资金投资或者国家融资的项目，招标人应当确定排名第一的中标候选人为中标人。排名第一的中标候选人放弃中标、因不可抗力提出不能履行合同，或者招标文件规定应当提交履约保证金而在规定的期限内未能提交的，招标人可以确定排名第二的中标候选人为中标人。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">排名第二的中标候选人因前款规定的同样原因不能签订合同的，招标人可以确定排名第三的中标候选人为中标人。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">招标人可以授权评标委员会直接确定中标人。”<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥">从上述规定中，我们可以看到：</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">1</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥">．中标候选人的人数为</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“一至三人”</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥">。当候选人推荐为一人时，招标人还有选择吗？还算是“候选人”吗？显然已经是中标人了。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">2</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥">．规定对候选人</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“标明排列顺序”，“招标人应当确定排名第一的中标候选人为中标人。”</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥">如此规定，即使候选人为</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“二至三人”</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥">时，招标人也依然无选择权，也依然无定标权。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥">更有甚者，有的地方法规还规定，招标人不能进入评标委员会，甚至不能在评标现场。其理由极其荒唐，认为招标人进入评标委员会或在评标现场，将左右或干扰评标委员会的评标。在这里，招标人不但没有定标权，甚至没有发言权和旁听权！</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23&#46;05pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1&#46;92; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">三、“随机抽取”中标人<span lang="EN-US">,同样剥夺了招标人的定标权</span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23&#46;05pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1&#46;92; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">民间将“随机抽取”俗称为“抓阄”。近期，“抓阄”确定中标人的闹剧屡见不鲜！不少地方还出台了“抓阄”确定中标人的行政法规。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23&#46;05pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1&#46;92; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“抓阄”确定中标人，是对中国招标的戏弄和反动。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23&#46;05pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1&#46;92; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“抓阄”确定中标人，剥夺了招标人的定标权。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23&#46;05pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1&#46;92; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“抓阄”确定中标人，违背了有关规定：</span><span class="tpccontent1"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-bidi-font-size: 10&#46;0pt; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana">“严格规范中标人确定程序，禁止采取抽签、摇号等博彩性方式进行投标资格预审和确定中标人。”<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23&#46;05pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1&#46;92; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“抓阄”确定中标人，反映了有关政府管理部门的管理水平低下。<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23&#46;05pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1&#46;92; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“抓阄”确定中标人，打着“公平、公正”的旗号。实质上是对招标人的极大不公平、不公正；是对最优秀的投标人的极大不公平、不公正。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 23&#46;05pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1&#46;92; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">四、招标人在招标中的主体地位是享有定标权 <span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">投资项目一般都有采购内容。采购是企业投资决策过程中的一个重要环节。企业享有采购决策权（招标采购时的定标权）是体现企业（招标人）享有投资主体地位的重要内容。<span lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">党的十六届三中全会决定中明确指出，</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“进一步确立企业的投资主体地位，实行谁投资、谁决策、谁收益、谁承担风险。”</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"> </span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">《国务院关于投资体制改革的决定》（国发</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman">[2004]20</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">号）中也明确规定：<span lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“深化投资体制改革的指导思想是：按照完善社会主义市场经济体制的要求，在国家宏观调控下充分发挥市场配置资源的基础性作用，确立企业在投资活动中的主体地位，……”<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“深化投资体制改革的目标是：改革政府对企业投资的管理制度，按照“谁投资、谁决策、谁收益、谁承担风险”的原则，落实企业投资自主权；……”<span lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“各地区、各部门要相应改进管理办法，规范管理行为，不得以任何名义截留下放给企业的投资决策权利。”<span lang="EN-US"> <br /><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span></span></span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes">  </span>剥夺企业在招标中的定标权，就是剥夺企业投资自主权，显然是与党的十六届三中全会的决定相违背的，也不符合《国务院关于投资体制改革的决定》。让那个临时组建的评标委员会来定标或者“随机抽取”中标人，显然是在“</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">截留下放给企业的投资决策权利”</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">。<span lang="EN-US"> </span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman"> </font></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">五、 “使用国有资金投资或者国家融资”的招标项目，也不能剥夺招标人的定标权<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">《招标投标法》关于</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">“招标人根据评标委员会提出的书面评标报告和推荐的中标候选人确定中标人。”</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">的规定是没附加条件的，即，招标人享有定标权与招标项目的资金性质无关。也就是说，不管招标项目的资金来自何处，招标人都应该有定标权，即便招标项目的资金是使用国有资金或国家融资，招标人也应该享有定标权！<span lang="EN-US"></span></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">国有资金和国家融资的使用也是通过具体的项目来实现的，项目又是通过国有企业和国有控股企业或国有项目来具体实施的。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ">国有资产监督管理委员会（简称“国资委”）代表国家，是出资人。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">国有企业和国有控股企业的法定代表人或国有项目的法定代表人是由国资委委派或任命的，代表国资委管理国有企业和国有控股企业或国有项目。因此，国有企业和国有控股企业的法定代表人或国有项目的法定代表人代表了国家的利益。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ">《中央企业投资监督管理暂行办法》也明确规定，</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体">“企业是投资活动的主体”。</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ">既然国有企业和国有控股企业是投资活动的主体，就应该享有投资决策的主体地位。采购活动（特别是招标采购）的主体也当然是企业，也应该享有采购决策的主体地位。当</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体">国有企业法人和国有控股企业法人或国有项目法人</span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ">按照企业投资管理制度规定对董事会或总经理办公会议研究决定的投资项目（包括子企业投资项目）实施招标采购时，该企业（项目）法人就成为招标人，就应该享有《招标投标法》规定的定标权。</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"></span></p><p /><p class="MsoNormal" style="MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan" align="left"><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥">七部委</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">2001</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥">年</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"><font face="Times New Roman">12</font></span><span style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥">号令《评标委员会和评标方法暂行规定》（包括其它招投标行政法规）为什么要剥夺国有企业法人和国有控股企业法人或国有项目法人的定标权呢？真是让人不可思议！</span><span lang="EN-US" style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: red; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体"></span></p><p />

Laochan

<p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;0; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;0; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">六、剥夺招标人的定标权，是“有罪推定”思维所致<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">我们的司法部门已经（或正在）从“有罪推定”向“无罪推定”转变。<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">但是，招投标行政法规的制订者们却依然是“有罪推定”的思维。在他们看来，如果招标人有定标权，招标一定不规范、不公正、不公平，招标人就会受贿，就会腐败。在这种“有罪推定”的思维下，就纷纷出台违背《招标投标法》的《管理办法》<span lang=\"EN-US\">/《实施办法》/《暂行办法》，剥夺招标人的定标权。<p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><strong><span style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana\">招标人当中，的确有违规者，也的确有腐败分子。但是，不能因为招标人当中有违规者，有腐败分子，就要剥夺全体招标人的定标权！同样的道理，各级政府官员中有违法乱纪者，有腐败分子，难道，也要因为他们的存在，就要剥夺全体政府官员的领导权吗？！</span></strong><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"><p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: blue; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"> <p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><strong><span style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体\">七、评标委员会的性质和职责<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></strong></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 29&#46;5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;45; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt\">（一）</span></b><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">依法组建的评标委员会是一个临时工作小组</span></b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"><p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">评标委员会是由招标人依法组建的，是一个临时工作小组。<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">依据《中华人民共和国民法通则》，只有自然人和法人才具有民事权利能力和民事行为能力。评标委员会既不是自然人，也不是法人。因而，评标委员会不具有民事权利能力和民事行为能力，即，既不能承担民事责任，也不能承担刑事责任。因此，赋予一个既不能承担民事责任也不能承担刑事责任的评标委员会以定标权，不但缺乏最起码的法律常识，也是极不负责任的行为。<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">无数事实已经证明，当评标结果出现问题时，所有的招标当事人都可以不承担任何责任。招标人会说，是评标委员会定的标；招标机构会说，我们没有参与评标（在政府采购招标中，财政部《<span lang=\"EN-US\">18号令》规定，招标机构不得进入评标委员会）；此时此刻，那个评标委员会，早已解散，无影无踪。这就是让世人啼笑皆非的中国招标的奇景怪象——居然无人对定标负责。<p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27&#46;1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">（二）评标委员会只能是“评”标委员会，不能充当“定”标委员会</span></b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"><p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">所谓</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">“评”</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">，就是</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">评估</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt\">/</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">评议</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt\">/</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">评审、分析和比较</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">。<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">《</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma\">招标投标法》</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">第三十七条</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Tahoma\">规定，</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"> <b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\">“评标由招标人依法组建的评标委员会负责。”</b>这里对评标委员会的工作内容作了明确的规定，即，评标委员会负责对投标进行评估/评议/评审、分析和比较。<p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">《招标投标法》没有给评标委员会定标的权利。《招标投标法》规定，<b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\">“评标委员会完成评标后，应当向招标人提出书面评标报告，并推荐合格的中标候选人。”</b>这里明确规定，评标委员会只有“推荐”中标人的权利，而且，必须推荐“合格的”中标人。既然是“候选人”，其人数应该大于<span lang=\"EN-US\">1。《招标投标法》也没有规定要对候选人进行排序，更没有规定招标人一定要按评标委员会的排序确定中标人。当然，评标委员会也可以对候选人排序，但是，这种排序是参考性的，而不是确定性的。这种排序只能供招标人确定中标人时参考。</span></span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"><p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27&#46;1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">（三）评标委员会对招标人负责</span></b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"><p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">评标委员会是由招标人组建的，是协助招标人评标的，理应对招标人负责。《招标投标法》也是这样规定的，<b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\">“评标委员会完成评标后，应当向招标人提出书面评标报告，……” </b>请注意，是</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">“书面评标报告”</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">。这个</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">“书面评标报告”</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">充分说明了两个问题：<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">1．这个报告是评标委员会直接向招标人提出的，是协助招标人评标的，评标委员会不能凌驾于招标人之上。<p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">2．这个报告是</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">“评标报告”，</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">不是</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">“定标报告”。</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">定标只能由招标人来定。<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">想想也真够冤的！招标人依法组建了评标委员会，却要把本该属于自己的定标权拱手让给评标委员会，天底下竟有如此不公平的事情！<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27&#46;1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">（四）没有招标人的授权，评标委员会无权定标</span></b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"><p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">《招标投标法》规定，<b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\">“招标人也可以授权评标委员会直接确定中标人。”</b> 如上所述，这个规定中的</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">“也可以”</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">三字充分说明，招标人通常是不授权评标委员会直接确定中标人的，而是由招标人自己确定中标人的；如果要由评标委员会直接确定中标人，必须有招标人的授权；没有招标人的授权，评标委员会无权直接确定中标人。但是，令人十分不可理解的是，漫天飞舞的行政法规，在“保护国家利益”的大旗下，在“公平、公正”的口号下，从根本上损害了招标人的利益，使招标人蒙受极不公正、极不公平的待遇！<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27&#46;1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">（五）评标委员会是招标人的决策参谋，是咨询小组</span></b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"><p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;0; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">《招标投标法》规定，<b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\">“评标委员会由招标人的代表和有关技术、经济等方面的专家组成。”</b>即，评标委员会成员中，除招标人代表外，都是技术和经济等方面的专家。因此，评标委员会是一个专业知识型的、咨询型的工作小组，是招标人的决策参谋。这才是评标委员会真正的性质和职责所在。因而，评标委员会的书面评标报告只能是参考性的，而非决策性的。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"><p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27&#46;1pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-font-kerning: 0pt\">（六）</span></b><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">要分清评标委员会和评标委员会成员</span></b><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"><p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20&#46;5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1&#46;71; mso-char-indent-size: 11&#46;95pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">评标委员会成员和评标委员会不是一个概念。评标委员会成员是自然人，必</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">须对自己的行为承担法律责任。评标委员会成员要有职业道德，要公平公正地依法进行评标。《招标投标法》对评标委员会成员的法律责任规定得非常明确，在此不再赘述。<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20&#46;5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1&#46;71; mso-char-indent-size: 11&#46;95pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"> <p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20&#46;5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1&#46;71; mso-char-indent-size: 11&#46;95pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">八、剥夺招标人的定标权无疑是在扼杀中国招标<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20&#46;5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1&#46;71; mso-char-indent-size: 11&#46;95pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><strong><span style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana\">可以说，中国招标已是家喻户晓，深入人心。但是，令人十分遗憾的是，中国招标虽然深入人心，但未得人心！</span></strong><strong><span style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana\"> </span></strong><strong><span style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: Verdana; mso-ascii-font-family: Verdana\">如所周知，招标是一种科学、有效的采购方式，是从根本上保护招标人利益的，本应该得到采购人的普遍欢迎。但是，实际情况是，采购人愈来愈反对采用招标采购方式。如今，采购人采用招标采购方式大都是出于被迫和无奈！</span></strong><strong><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Verdana\"><p /></span></strong></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20&#46;5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1&#46;71; mso-char-indent-size: 11&#46;95pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">究其原因，就是因为剥夺了招标人的定标权！<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20&#46;5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1&#46;71; mso-char-indent-size: 11&#46;95pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">由于剥夺了招标人的定标权，下列现象不可避免：<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 18pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1&#46;5; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"\">“导致了相当多的招投标活动流于形式”（国家发改委负责人如是说）；</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"><p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20&#46;5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1&#46;71; mso-char-indent-size: 11&#46;95pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">招标人规避招标；<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 20&#46;5pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 1&#46;71; mso-char-indent-size: 11&#46;95pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">招标人忧心重重，设置种种障碍，与招标机构不配合；<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\">   </span>先定中标人，再定评标细则；<p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\">   </span>“陪标”屡见不鲜；<p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">出了问题，说一声“是招标的”，就可以平平安安，招标已成为腐败的“保护伞”；<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">…………。<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">由于给了评标委员会定标的权利，投标人出于商业的需要，千方百计地想获取评标委员会成员的信息，并可能实施商业贿赂。<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">于是，戏剧性的场面出现了：<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">在开标前的</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">30</font></span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">分钟，方可抽取评标委员会成员；<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">对评委严加防范，收缴手机，与外界割断任何联系；<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">评委一人一个位置，像高考一样，不得交头接耳；<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">评标现场戒备森严，至少也有橙色级别；<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">…………。<p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">可以说，剥夺招标人的定标权，无疑是在扼杀中国招标！</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">给评标委员会定标权，是极不负责任的行为！<span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"COLOR: black\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥\">《评标委员会和评标方法暂行规定》（七部委</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">2001</font></span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥\">年</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">12</font></span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体; mso-ascii-font-family: ˎ̥\">号令）中也规定：</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"><p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: ˎ̥; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">　“第四十四条 向招标人提交书面评标报告后，评标委员会即告解散。”</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"><p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">呜呼！招标人被剥夺定标权，评标委员会又是一个不能负任何责任的临时工作小组，那么，谁来对中国招标的定标负责呢？！<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"> <p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">九、科学、合理、合法地让定标权“三足鼎立”</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"><p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">为了维护《中华人民共和国招标投标法》的尊严和中国招标的健康发展，结合中国招标的现状，</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">特郑重建议，让定标权“三足鼎立”</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">。<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">具体办法如下：<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">1</font></span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"\">．</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">“三足”为：招标人、评标委员会和行政监管部门。<p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">2</font></span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"\">．</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">定标权分配方案设计为：<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">①评标委员会按照招标文件的规定进行评标，评出中标候选人。中标候选<span style=\"COLOR: black\">人为</span></span><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">2</font></span></b><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">－</span></b><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">3</font></span></b><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">人，必须对候选人的优缺点作出详细的分析和评估。可以排序，也可</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">以不排序。如果招标人要求排序，就必须排序。<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">②一般情况下，招标人在候选人中确定中标人。<p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">③招标人也可以要求在候选人以外的投标人中确定中标人。但是，要向行政监管部门提出书面申请，并应说明充分的理由。<p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">④行政监管部门在收到招标人的书面申请后，作出是否允许在候选人以外确定中标人的裁决。<p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">⑤招标人<span style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: bold\">也</span>可以授权评标委员会直接确定中标人。<p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">3</font></span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"\">．</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">上述</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; mso-font-kerning: 0pt\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">5</font></span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">条是一个完整的方案。该方案使定标权<span lang=\"EN-US\">“三足鼎立”，三方相互制约，三方的定标权都是相对有限的。<p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体\">1993年3月26日国务院经贸办发布的《机电设备招标投标指南》中对评标和定标是这样规定的：<p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体\">“第二十九条 评标<span lang=\"EN-US\"> <br />　　（一）招标方负责组建评标委员会（以下简称评委会）。评委会由招标方的代表和技术、经济、法律等方面的专家组成，委托方全权代表也可以参加评委会。 <br />　　（二）评委会负责评标工作，评委会要全面充分地审阅研究投标文件，认真听取委托方和投标方的意见，有权要求投标方代表对投标文件不明确的地方进行解释。<br /><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\">　　评委会综合比较各投标设备性能、质量、价格、交货期和投标方的资信情况等因素，依据“公正、科学、严谨”的原则和标书的要求进行评标，综合评价出中标厂商优选方案。 <br /></b>　　（三）评标时，对不符合标书要求的投标文件，评委会有权决定其部分废标或全部废标。 <br />　　第三十条 定标<br /><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\">　　（一）根据评委会提出的中标厂商优选方案，由委托方选定中标厂商。</b></span></span><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-fareast-font-family: 楷体_GB2312\"> </span></b><b style=\"mso-bidi-font-weight: normal\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体\"><br /></span></b><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 楷体_GB2312; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体\">　　（二）投标方的最低投标报价不能作为中标的保证。”<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体\"><span style=\"mso-spacerun: yes\"> </span>上述关于评标和定标的规定在中国执行了六年。六年的实践证明，国务院经贸办在文件中对评标和定标的规定是科学合理的，是适用的、实用的、可行的。<p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"> <p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">十、将定标权归还给招标人，中国招标才能健康发展<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">回归《招标投标法》，将定标权归还给招标人，中国招标才能健康发展！<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;0; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">1．只有招标人享有定标权，招标才能真正成为一种科学、有效的采购方式，并将逐步成为招标人自觉自愿采用的采购方式。招标人就不会从根本上规避招标，就不会</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"\">“导致了相当多的招投标活动流于形式（国家发改委负责人语）”。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black\"><p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;0; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">2</font></span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"\">．招标人有了定标权，招标人就从定标的后台走向了定标前台。招标人就必须对其定标负全部责任。对于招标过程中和合同履行中出现的任何问题，招标人就不再有推脱之词。特别是对于那些有腐败之心和腐败行为的招标人，给了他定标权，就是拿掉了腐败的保护伞——“标是评标委员会定的”。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black\"><p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;0; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">3</font></span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"\">．将定标权归还给招标人，行政监管的目标就能集中而明确，人们可以将监督的目光都聚焦在招标人。在众目睽睽之下，那些有不轨之心和不轨行为的招标人就会有所收敛，也容易发现招标人的不轨行为。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black\"><p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;0; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">4</font></span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"\">．定标权归招标人，就理顺了评标委员会与招标人的关系：评标委员会是招标人依法组建的临时咨询小组，对招标人负责，是招标人评标、定标的参谋。评标委员会完全可以在轻松、和谐的环境下工作，不必像现在那样戒备森严。</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black\"><p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 24pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;0; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\">5</font></span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-hansi-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"; mso-ascii-font-family: \"Times New Roman\"\">．将定标权归还给招标人，是将企业投资主体地位归还给了招标人，是在贯彻党的十六届三中全会的决定：“</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">进一步确立企业的投资主体地位，实行谁投资、谁决策、谁收益、谁承担风险。”<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 黑体; mso-hansi-font-family: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">6．</span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">中国招标界泰斗唐广庆先生最近也指出，“</span><span class=\"tpccontent1\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体\">由于招标人无定标权，因此也就不承担任何责任，招标出了问题，都是上级领导或地区领导的决定，而且又是集体决定，因此无人负责。所以投资体制不解决，招标人无定标权，是不可能解决当前招标投标存在的问题。</span></span><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体\">”</span><span lang=\"EN-US\" style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\"><p /></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; TEXT-INDENT: 27pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%; TEXT-ALIGN: left; mso-char-indent-count: 2&#46;25; mso-char-indent-size: 12&#46;0pt; mso-pagination: widow-orphan\" align=\"left\"><span style=\"FONT-SIZE: 12pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: 宋体; mso-font-kerning: 0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 宋体\">希望即将出台的《招标投标法实施条例》能将定标权归还给招标人！希望《招标投标法实施条例》能够拯救中国招标！<span lang=\"EN-US\"><p /></span></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%\"><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font size=\"3\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"> </font></font></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%\"><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font size=\"3\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"></font></font></span></p><p class=\"MsoNormal\" style=\"MARGIN: 0cm 0cm 0pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 200%\"><span lang=\"EN-US\"><font size=\"3\"><font face=\"Times New Roman\"><p /></font></font></span></p>

紫丁香

顶！ [s:2]

plumliu

此文对“十个问题，一个答案”进行了更进一步的分析和剖析，切中要害，引起我们对定标权的问题的更深入的思考！

happy1

完全赞同版主意见！
两会即将召开，请各位在网上查找两会代表名单。查找企业界和经济界的两会委员，通过他们把意见以提案的形式带到两会去，这一定是一份高质量的提案！！！

happy1

如果版主有兴趣，我们一起来找委员。

Laochan

<p>

引用第5楼happy1于2008-02-04 13:27发表的: 如果版主有兴趣，我们一起来找委员。

</p><p /><p>有兴趣！</p>

bidboy

要把定标权还给招标人就要首先解决招标作为管理手段的问题，招标不再作为管理手段，而是招标人的自主选择。

堰子@~@

我觉得钱老说得很正确,只有把权利赋予得清楚明了,招标投标的执行力才会更上一层楼~!

安华时代

楼主的文章很经典.也是现在我国招标方面最现实的问题!
只有分清职责,才能尽职尽责!